HIV

Hiv belong to Subgroup lentivirus of  RetroViruses .Hiv takes long incubations periods to show the infections.The Retro Viruses are very much Distinguished from RNA viruses. Its due to the presence of reverse transcriptese,Unusual Enzymes.

It also converts a single -Stranded RNA viral genome into double -stranded viral DNA

                                     STRUCTURE of HIV

A  >   Virion Core  :  Hiv has a bar shaped with two SS RNA molecules which are just associated with nucleoprotein bonds to RNA and the two enzymes  i.e REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE  and   INTEGRASE

B  >Capsid  and Matrix :The capsid shell surrounds RNA dimer and has icosahedral Symmetry. The protein that constitute this shell are called capsid protein . Those proteins undergoes the envelop called a matrix proteins.This proteins helps to hold the glycoprotein Spikes.

C  >Envelope: Inside Envelop it contains lipid i.e they contain host protein & viral proteins .They get from host.

The host protein includes class 1& 2 MHC molecules acquired by the virion during Budding.The surface glycoproteins are referred to gp follower by the number gp 120 & gp  41

                                      How is it Transmitted?

1 .Sexual Contact  (Infected Semin or Vaginal Secretion)

2 .Contaminated Needles  (Syrings)

3 . Transfusion of Blood  ( plasma and related things.)

4 . Perinatal Transmission ( to offspring)